Sire Paint Palomino on dam Dun Perlino
In this article, we will explore the genetic possibilities of coat colors for the crossing between a stallion Paint Palomino and a mare Dun Perlino. Equine genetics is a universe of combinations where dominant and recessive alleles determine the final coat of each individual.
On one side, we have the stallion Paint Palomino. Genetically, it presents the base genotype e/e Cr/n To/n. The (To) gene acts on the base coat forming large, well-defined white patches across the body and legs. Many cases also inherit blue eyes. This coat is based on Palomino.
On the other side, the mare Dun Perlino contributes with its genetics based on E/_ A/_ Cr/Cr D/n. The Dun gene acts on the base color, adding the characteristic dark dorsal stripe. In some cases it lightens the body tone and may also produce zebra-like leg markings. This coat is based on Perlino.
Quando combinamos esses códigos genéticos, criamos uma matriz de probabilidades. É importante lembrar que o resultado visual (fenótipo) muitas vezes esconde genes recessivos que podem pular uma geração.
The Genotypes Involved
For a horse to have the coat Paint Palomino. it carries specific gene combinations. The possible genotypes for the sire include variants such as: e/e A/A Cr/n To/n, e/e A/A Cr/n To/To, e/e A/a Cr/n To/n, e/e A/a Cr/n To/To, e/e a/a Cr/n To/n, e/e a/a Cr/n To/To.
As for the dam, being Dun Perlino, may present in its DNA the alleles: E/E A/A Cr/Cr D/n, E/E A/A Cr/Cr D/D, E/E A/a Cr/Cr D/n, E/E A/a Cr/Cr D/D, E/e A/A Cr/Cr D/n, E/e A/A Cr/Cr D/D, E/e A/a Cr/Cr D/n, E/e A/a Cr/Cr D/D.
Understanding the Alleles
To understand the result of this crossing, note the gene sets at play:
- e/e (Red Factor - Homozygous Recessive): Determines the inability to produce black pigment, resulting in an exclusively red base coat (Chestnut).
- E/ (Extension - Dominant): The Extension gene controls eumelanin (black) production. At least one E allele allows the horse to have black hairs.
- A/ (Agouti - Dominant): The Agouti gene controls black distribution. The A allele restricts black pigment to the points (mane, tail, legs).
- a/a (Non-Agouti - Recessive): Allows black pigment to spread uniformly across the body. Essential for Solid Black (if E/).
- Cr/n (Heterozygous Cream): One copy of the dilution allele. Lightens red pigment to gold (e.g. Palomino, Buckskin).
- Cr/Cr (Double Cream): Maximum dilution. Pink skin, blue eyes (e.g. Cremello, Perlino).
- D/ (Dun - Primitive Gene): Dilutes body color and adds dorsal stripe and leg barring.
- To/ (Tobiano): Dominant gene for vertical white patches crossing the back.
Calculated Probabilities
Being the sire Paint Palomino with genotype (e/e A/A Cr/n To/n), it transmits the (e) allele to 100% of offspring, allowing only red pigment expression (phaeomelanin) and transmits the (A) allele to 100% of offspring, restricting black pigment to the extremities and has a 50% chance of transmitting the Cream dilution allele (Cr) and has a 50% chance of transmitting the Tobiano allele (To).
Being the sire Paint Palomino with genotype (e/e A/A Cr/n To/To), it transmits the (e) allele to 100% of offspring, allowing only red pigment expression (phaeomelanin) and transmits the (A) allele to 100% of offspring, restricting black pigment to the extremities and has a 50% chance of transmitting the Cream dilution allele (Cr) and always transmits the Tobiano allele (To).
Being the sire Paint Palomino with genotype (e/e A/a Cr/n To/n), it transmits the (e) allele to 100% of offspring, allowing only red pigment expression (phaeomelanin) and transmits the (A) allele (restriction) to 50% and the (a) allele (no restriction) to the other 50% and has a 50% chance of transmitting the Cream dilution allele (Cr) and has a 50% chance of transmitting the Tobiano allele (To).
Being the sire Paint Palomino with genotype (e/e A/a Cr/n To/To), it transmits the (e) allele to 100% of offspring, allowing only red pigment expression (phaeomelanin) and transmits the (A) allele (restriction) to 50% and the (a) allele (no restriction) to the other 50% and has a 50% chance of transmitting the Cream dilution allele (Cr) and always transmits the Tobiano allele (To).
Being the dam Dun Perlino with genotype (E/E A/A Cr/Cr D/n), it transmits the (E) allele to 100% of offspring, enabling black pigment production (eumelanin) and transmits the (A) allele to 100% of offspring, restricting black pigment to the extremities and always transmits the Cream dilution allele (Cr) and has a 50% chance of transmitting the primitive Dun allele (D).
Being the dam Dun Perlino with genotype (E/E A/A Cr/Cr D/D), it transmits the (E) allele to 100% of offspring, enabling black pigment production (eumelanin) and transmits the (A) allele to 100% of offspring, restricting black pigment to the extremities and always transmits the Cream dilution allele (Cr) and always transmits the primitive Dun allele (D).
Being the dam Dun Perlino with genotype (E/E A/a Cr/Cr D/n), it transmits the (E) allele to 100% of offspring, enabling black pigment production (eumelanin) and transmits the (A) allele (restriction) to 50% and the (a) allele (no restriction) to the other 50% and always transmits the Cream dilution allele (Cr) and has a 50% chance of transmitting the primitive Dun allele (D).
Being the dam Dun Perlino with genotype (E/E A/a Cr/Cr D/D), it transmits the (E) allele to 100% of offspring, enabling black pigment production (eumelanin) and transmits the (A) allele (restriction) to 50% and the (a) allele (no restriction) to the other 50% and always transmits the Cream dilution allele (Cr) and always transmits the primitive Dun allele (D).
Based on a standard scenario, the statistical chances for foals from this crossing are:
Paint Dun PerlinoOpen Coat ➜ 6,9%
Dun PerlinoOpen Coat ➜ 6,9%
Paint PerlinoOpen Coat ➜ 6,9%
PerlinoOpen Coat ➜ 6,9%
Paint Dun BuckskinOpen Coat ➜ 6,9%
Dun BuckskinOpen Coat ➜ 6,9%
Paint BuckskinOpen Coat ➜ 6,9%
BuckskinOpen Coat ➜ 6,9%
Paint Dun CremelloOpen Coat ➜ 4,7%
Dun CremelloOpen Coat ➜ 4,7%
Paint CremelloOpen Coat ➜ 4,7%
CremelloOpen Coat ➜ 4,7%
Paint Dun PalominoOpen Coat ➜ 4,7%
Dun PalominoOpen Coat ➜ 4,7%
Paint PalominoOpen Coat ➜ 4,7%
PalominoOpen Coat ➜ 4,7%
Paint Dun Smoky CreamOpen Coat ➜ 0,9%
Dun Smoky CreamOpen Coat ➜ 0,9%
Paint Smoky CreamOpen Coat ➜ 0,9%
Smoky CreamOpen Coat ➜ 0,9%
Paint Dun Smoky BlackOpen Coat ➜ 0,9%
Dun Smoky BlackOpen Coat ➜ 0,9%
Paint Smoky BlackOpen Coat ➜ 0,9%
Smoky BlackOpen Coat ➜ 0,9%
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