Sire Dun Palomino on dam Paint Perlino
In this article, we will explore the genetic possibilities of coat colors for the crossing between a stallion Dun Palomino and a mare Paint Perlino. Equine genetics is a universe of combinations where dominant and recessive alleles determine the final coat of each individual.
On one side, we have the stallion Dun Palomino. Genetically, it presents the base genotype e/e Cr/n D/n. The Dun gene acts on the base color, adding the characteristic dark dorsal stripe. In some cases it lightens the body tone and may also produce zebra-like leg markings. This coat is based on Palomino.
On the other side, the mare Paint Perlino contributes with its genetics based on E/_ A/_ Cr/Cr To/n. The (To) gene acts on the base coat forming large, well-defined white patches across the body and legs. Many cases also inherit blue eyes. This coat is based on Perlino.
Quando combinamos esses códigos genéticos, criamos uma matriz de probabilidades. É importante lembrar que o resultado visual (fenótipo) muitas vezes esconde genes recessivos que podem pular uma geração.
The Genotypes Involved
For a horse to have the coat Dun Palomino. it carries specific gene combinations. The possible genotypes for the sire include variants such as: e/e A/A Cr/n D/n, e/e A/A Cr/n D/D, e/e A/a Cr/n D/n, e/e A/a Cr/n D/D, e/e a/a Cr/n D/n, e/e a/a Cr/n D/D.
As for the dam, being Paint Perlino, may present in its DNA the alleles: E/E A/A Cr/Cr To/n, E/E A/A Cr/Cr To/To, E/E A/a Cr/Cr To/n, E/E A/a Cr/Cr To/To, E/e A/A Cr/Cr To/n, E/e A/A Cr/Cr To/To, E/e A/a Cr/Cr To/n, E/e A/a Cr/Cr To/To.
Understanding the Alleles
To understand the result of this crossing, note the gene sets at play:
- e/e (Red Factor - Homozygous Recessive): Determines the inability to produce black pigment, resulting in an exclusively red base coat (Chestnut).
- E/ (Extension - Dominant): The Extension gene controls eumelanin (black) production. At least one E allele allows the horse to have black hairs.
- A/ (Agouti - Dominant): The Agouti gene controls black distribution. The A allele restricts black pigment to the points (mane, tail, legs).
- a/a (Non-Agouti - Recessive): Allows black pigment to spread uniformly across the body. Essential for Solid Black (if E/).
- Cr/n (Heterozygous Cream): One copy of the dilution allele. Lightens red pigment to gold (e.g. Palomino, Buckskin).
- Cr/Cr (Double Cream): Maximum dilution. Pink skin, blue eyes (e.g. Cremello, Perlino).
- D/ (Dun - Primitive Gene): Dilutes body color and adds dorsal stripe and leg barring.
- To/ (Tobiano): Dominant gene for vertical white patches crossing the back.
Calculated Probabilities
Being the sire Dun Palomino with genotype (e/e A/A Cr/n D/n), it transmits the (e) allele to 100% of offspring, allowing only red pigment expression (phaeomelanin) and transmits the (A) allele to 100% of offspring, restricting black pigment to the extremities and has a 50% chance of transmitting the Cream dilution allele (Cr) and has a 50% chance of transmitting the primitive Dun allele (D).
Being the sire Dun Palomino with genotype (e/e A/A Cr/n D/D), it transmits the (e) allele to 100% of offspring, allowing only red pigment expression (phaeomelanin) and transmits the (A) allele to 100% of offspring, restricting black pigment to the extremities and has a 50% chance of transmitting the Cream dilution allele (Cr) and always transmits the primitive Dun allele (D).
Being the sire Dun Palomino with genotype (e/e A/a Cr/n D/n), it transmits the (e) allele to 100% of offspring, allowing only red pigment expression (phaeomelanin) and transmits the (A) allele (restriction) to 50% and the (a) allele (no restriction) to the other 50% and has a 50% chance of transmitting the Cream dilution allele (Cr) and has a 50% chance of transmitting the primitive Dun allele (D).
Being the sire Dun Palomino with genotype (e/e A/a Cr/n D/D), it transmits the (e) allele to 100% of offspring, allowing only red pigment expression (phaeomelanin) and transmits the (A) allele (restriction) to 50% and the (a) allele (no restriction) to the other 50% and has a 50% chance of transmitting the Cream dilution allele (Cr) and always transmits the primitive Dun allele (D).
Being the dam Paint Perlino with genotype (E/E A/A Cr/Cr To/n), it transmits the (E) allele to 100% of offspring, enabling black pigment production (eumelanin) and transmits the (A) allele to 100% of offspring, restricting black pigment to the extremities and always transmits the Cream dilution allele (Cr) and has a 50% chance of transmitting the Tobiano allele (To).
Being the dam Paint Perlino with genotype (E/E A/A Cr/Cr To/To), it transmits the (E) allele to 100% of offspring, enabling black pigment production (eumelanin) and transmits the (A) allele to 100% of offspring, restricting black pigment to the extremities and always transmits the Cream dilution allele (Cr) and always transmits the Tobiano allele (To).
Being the dam Paint Perlino with genotype (E/E A/a Cr/Cr To/n), it transmits the (E) allele to 100% of offspring, enabling black pigment production (eumelanin) and transmits the (A) allele (restriction) to 50% and the (a) allele (no restriction) to the other 50% and always transmits the Cream dilution allele (Cr) and has a 50% chance of transmitting the Tobiano allele (To).
Being the dam Paint Perlino with genotype (E/E A/a Cr/Cr To/To), it transmits the (E) allele to 100% of offspring, enabling black pigment production (eumelanin) and transmits the (A) allele (restriction) to 50% and the (a) allele (no restriction) to the other 50% and always transmits the Cream dilution allele (Cr) and always transmits the Tobiano allele (To).
Based on a standard scenario, the statistical chances for foals from this crossing are:
Paint Dun PerlinoOpen Coat ➜ 6,9%
Dun PerlinoOpen Coat ➜ 6,9%
Paint PerlinoOpen Coat ➜ 6,9%
PerlinoOpen Coat ➜ 6,9%
Paint Dun BuckskinOpen Coat ➜ 6,9%
Dun BuckskinOpen Coat ➜ 6,9%
Paint BuckskinOpen Coat ➜ 6,9%
BuckskinOpen Coat ➜ 6,9%
Paint Dun CremelloOpen Coat ➜ 4,7%
Dun CremelloOpen Coat ➜ 4,7%
Paint CremelloOpen Coat ➜ 4,7%
CremelloOpen Coat ➜ 4,7%
Paint Dun PalominoOpen Coat ➜ 4,7%
Dun PalominoOpen Coat ➜ 4,7%
Paint PalominoOpen Coat ➜ 4,7%
PalominoOpen Coat ➜ 4,7%
Paint Dun Smoky CreamOpen Coat ➜ 0,9%
Dun Smoky CreamOpen Coat ➜ 0,9%
Paint Smoky CreamOpen Coat ➜ 0,9%
Smoky CreamOpen Coat ➜ 0,9%
Paint Dun Smoky BlackOpen Coat ➜ 0,9%
Dun Smoky BlackOpen Coat ➜ 0,9%
Paint Smoky BlackOpen Coat ➜ 0,9%
Smoky BlackOpen Coat ➜ 0,9%
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