Sire Bay on dam Perlino
In this article, we will explore the genetic possibilities of coat colors for the crossing between a stallion Bay and a mare Perlino. Equine genetics is a universe of combinations where dominant and recessive alleles determine the final coat of each individual.
On one side, we have the stallion Bay. Genetically, it presents the base genotype E/_ A/_. Brown body with black mane, tail, lower legs and ear tips, due to the presence of black pigment restricted to the points by the Agouti gene.
On the other side, the mare Perlino contributes with its genetics based on E/_ A/_ Cr/Cr. Cream coat with slightly reddish tones in the mane and tail, caused by double dilution of the cream gene over the bay base.
Quando combinamos esses códigos genéticos, criamos uma matriz de probabilidades. É importante lembrar que o resultado visual (fenótipo) muitas vezes esconde genes recessivos que podem pular uma geração.
The Genotypes Involved
For a horse to have the coat Bay. it carries specific gene combinations. The possible genotypes for the sire include variants such as: E/e A/a, E/e A/A, E/E A/a, E/E A/A.
As for the dam, being Perlino, may present in its DNA the alleles: E/E A/A Cr/Cr, E/E A/a Cr/Cr, E/e A/A Cr/Cr, E/e A/a Cr/Cr.
Understanding the Alleles
To understand the result of this crossing, note the gene sets at play:
- E/ (Extension - Dominant): The Extension gene controls eumelanin (black) production. At least one E allele allows the horse to have black hairs.
- A/ (Agouti - Dominant): The Agouti gene controls black distribution. The A allele restricts black pigment to the points (mane, tail, legs).
- Cr/Cr (Double Cream): Maximum dilution. Pink skin, blue eyes (e.g. Cremello, Perlino).
Calculated Probabilities
Being the sire Bay with genotype (E/e A/a), it transmits the (E) allele (black factor) to 50% and the (e) allele (red factor) to the other 50% and transmits the (A) allele (restriction) to 50% and the (a) allele (no restriction) to the other 50%.
Being the sire Bay with genotype (E/e A/A), it transmits the (E) allele (black factor) to 50% and the (e) allele (red factor) to the other 50% and transmits the (A) allele to 100% of offspring, restricting black pigment to the extremities.
Being the sire Bay with genotype (E/E A/a), it transmits the (E) allele to 100% of offspring, enabling black pigment production (eumelanin) and transmits the (A) allele (restriction) to 50% and the (a) allele (no restriction) to the other 50%.
Being the sire Bay with genotype (E/E A/A), it transmits the (E) allele to 100% of offspring, enabling black pigment production (eumelanin) and transmits the (A) allele to 100% of offspring, restricting black pigment to the extremities.
Being the dam Perlino with genotype (E/E A/A Cr/Cr), it transmits the (E) allele to 100% of offspring, enabling black pigment production (eumelanin) and transmits the (A) allele to 100% of offspring, restricting black pigment to the extremities and always transmits the Cream dilution allele (Cr).
Being the dam Perlino with genotype (E/E A/a Cr/Cr), it transmits the (E) allele to 100% of offspring, enabling black pigment production (eumelanin) and transmits the (A) allele (restriction) to 50% and the (a) allele (no restriction) to the other 50% and always transmits the Cream dilution allele (Cr).
Being the dam Perlino with genotype (E/e A/A Cr/Cr), it transmits the (E) allele (black factor) to 50% and the (e) allele (red factor) to the other 50% and transmits the (A) allele to 100% of offspring, restricting black pigment to the extremities and always transmits the Cream dilution allele (Cr).
Being the dam Perlino with genotype (E/e A/a Cr/Cr), it transmits the (E) allele (black factor) to 50% and the (e) allele (red factor) to the other 50% and transmits the (A) allele (restriction) to 50% and the (a) allele (no restriction) to the other 50% and always transmits the Cream dilution allele (Cr).
Based on a standard scenario, the statistical chances for foals from this crossing are:
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